Kodi nkhokwe iyenera kuyeretsedwa kangati? Funsani oyang'anira malo khumi ndipo mupeza mayankho khumi osiyanasiyana. Ena amayeretsa pa kalendala yokhazikika kaya nkhokwe ikufunika kapena ayi. Ena amadikirira mpaka madziwo atasiya kwathunthu. Ambiri amagwera penapake pakati, kudalira mwachidziwitso komanso zomwe zidachitika m'mbuyomu m'malo motengera deta.
Kufupikitsa koyenera sikufanana ndi silo iliyonse. Katundu wa zinthu, kamangidwe ka nkhokwe, nthawi yosungiramo zinthu, komanso momwe chilengedwe chilili, zonse zimakhudza momwe zimakhalira mwachangu. Mafupipafupi omwe amagwira ntchito mu silo imodzi amatha kukhala pafupipafupi kapena osakwanira kwa wina.
Nkhaniyi ikupereka dongosolo lodziwira pafupipafupi kuyeretsa potengera zizindikiro zoyezera m'malo mongoyerekeza. Imalongosola zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa kuchulukana, imafotokoza momwe mungakhazikitsire deta yoyambira, ndipo imapereka njira zothandiza zosinthira pafupipafupi pomwe zinthu zikusintha.
Mutu Woyamba: Chifukwa Chake Madongosolo Okhazikika Akulephera
Malo ambiri amatsuka nkhokwe pa nthawi yokhazikika. Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse. Kamodzi pachaka. Pambuyo kutseka kulikonse. Lingaliro ndilosavuta: kuyeretsa pa ndandanda kumalepheretsa kulephera modzidzimutsa.
Vuto ndiloti kudzikundikira sikutsata kalendala. Silo yogwira zinthu zowuma, zoyenda mopanda nyengo yowuma ingafunike kuyeretsedwa kamodzi pazaka ziwiri zilizonse. Nkhola zomwezo zokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri nthawi yamvula zingafunike kuyeretsa miyezi itatu iliyonse. Ndandanda yokhazikika imatsogolera kuyeretsa pafupipafupi, kuwononga ndalama, kapena kusakwanira, kuyika pachiwopsezo kulephera.
Madongosolo okhazikika amalepheranso chifukwa samawerengera kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito. Malo omwe amasintha ogulitsa zinthu, kusintha mitengo ya zinthu, kapena kusintha momwe amawumitsa amatha kuwona kuchuluka kwa zinthu zikusintha kwambiri. Ndondomeko yokhazikika ikupitirirabe monga kale, tsopano yosagwirizana ndi zochitika zenizeni.
Njira ina yosinthira madongosolo okhazikika ndikuyeretsa motengera momwe zinthu ziliri. M'malo kuyeretsa pa deti, woyera pamene zizindikiro zikusonyeza kuti kudzikundikira wafika pachimake. Njirayi imafunikira kuyeza, koma kuyeza kwake sikuyenera kukhala kovuta kapena kokwera mtengo.
Mutu Wachiwiri: Zinthu Zomwe Zimayendetsa Kuchulukana
Kumvetsetsa kuchuluka kwachulukidwe kumafuna kudziwa chomwe chimapangitsa kuti zinthu zizimamatira kumakoma a silo ndikukhala pamenepo m'malo motuluka.
Chinyezi ndi chinthu chofala kwambiri. Zinthu zambiri zochulukirapo zimatenga chinyezi kuchokera mumlengalenga kapena zimasunga chinyezi pakukonza. Pamene chinyezi chikuwonjezeka, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala tomata. Mulingo wofunikira wa chinyezi umasiyanasiyana ndi zinthu. Simenti ingayambe kumamatira pa chinyezi chochepa. Njere imatha kupirira chinyezi chochuluka isanamatire. Kusintha kwanyengo kwanyengo, makamaka m'madera okhala ndi mvula komanso kowuma, kungasinthe kuchulukana kwambiri.
Kukula kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono komanso mawonekedwe ake ndizofunikira. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono timakhala ndi malo ochulukirapo pa unit mass ndipo ndizovuta kwambiri kugwirizanitsa mphamvu. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timalumikizana mosavuta kuposa zozungulira. Zida zokhala ndi gawo lalikulu la tinthu tating'onoting'ono zitha kugawikana panthawi yodzaza, ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timasamukira kumakoma komwe kumatha kupanga ma depositi olimba.
Mkhalidwe wa khoma la silo umakhudza kudzikundikira. Makoma osalala okhala ndi zokutira zogundana pang'ono amakhetsa zinthu mosavuta kuposa konkire kapena chitsulo chambiri. Ma silo akale okhala ndi kuwonongeka kwa khoma kapena zosokonekera zimaunjikira zinthu mwachangu kuposa ma silo atsopano okhala ndi malo osalala. Khoma lokha limasintha pakapita nthawi chifukwa chakuvala, dzimbiri, komanso njira zoyeretsera zam'mbuyomu.
Kudzaza ndi kutulutsa kumakhudza malo omwe akuwunjika. Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza khoma panthawi yodzaza zimatha kukhazikika pamalo okhudzidwa. Kutulutsa komwe kumapangitsa kutuluka kwa funnel m'malo mothamanga kwambiri kumasiya zinthu pamakoma kunja kwa njira yotuluka. Ma geometry a silo pansi, kuphatikiza ngodya ya hopper ndi kukula kwa malo, amatsimikizira ngati kutuluka kwa misa kapena kuyenda kwa funnel kumachitika.
Kutalika kwa nthawi yosungira ndi chinthu china. Zinthu zomwe zimakhala mu silo kwa nthawi yayitali zimakhala ndi nthawi yochulukirapo yophatikizira ndikutsatira. Malo omwe amatembenuza ma silo mwachangu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kuchuluka kochepa poyerekeza ndi malo omwe zinthu zimakhala kwa milungu kapena miyezi.
Mutu Wachitatu: Kuyeza Kuchulukana Popanda Kuchotsa Silo
Cholepheretsa chachikulu pakuyeretsa kokhazikika ndikukhulupilira kuti kudzikundikira sikungayesedwe popanda kuchotsa silo. Chikhulupiriro chimenechi ndi chabodza.
Njira zoyezera zosavuta zilipo komanso zothandiza. Chofala kwambiri ndi ndodo yolira, ndodo yayitali yachitsulo yomwe imatsitsidwa kudzera pa doko lolowera kapena pamwamba pa silo. Wogwira ntchitoyo amamva kukana pamene ndodo imalumikizana ndi zinthu. Mwa kuyeza kutalika kwa ndodoyo, makulidwe a kuunjikana angayerekezedwe.
Kwa ma silo okhala ndi malo angapo olowera, kuwomba mwadongosolo m'malo angapo kumapereka mapu ogawa. Mapuwa akuwonetsa komwe zida zakhazikika komanso kukhuthala kwake. Kulira kumatenga mphindi imodzi pa silo ndipo sikufuna zida zapadera kuposa ndodo ndi tepi muyeso.
Njira zotsogola kwambiri zimaphatikizapo makamera owunikira omwe amatsitsidwa mu silo kudzera pamadoko olowera. Makamera awa amapereka chitsimikiziro chowonekera cha makulidwe ndi kugawa. Machitidwe ena amaphatikizapo magetsi ndi ma pan tilt zoom zoom kuti awonedwe bwino. Mtengo wa makamerawa watsika kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupeza malo ambiri.
Kwa ma silos okhala ndi masensa amtundu, zowerengera zowerengera zokha zimapereka chidziwitso chosalunjika. Ngati sensa ya mulingo ikuwonetsa zinthu zomwe zilipo koma kuchuluka kwa zotulutsa zikuchepa, kudzikundikira kungakhale kulepheretsa kuyenda. Ngati sensa ya mulingo ikuwonetsa kutsika pang'onopang'ono kuposa momwe akuyembekezeredwa pakutha, mphamvu yogwira ntchitoyo imatha kuchepetsedwa ndi kudzikundikira.
Mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndiyo kuyeza mosasinthasintha. Njira yoyezera yofanana, pamalo omwewo, pa ndandanda yofanana, imapanga deta yofananira pakapita nthawi. Deta iyi ikuwonetsa momwe kuchuluka kwachulukitsidwira komwe sikungawonekere muyeso imodzi.
Mutu Wachinayi: Kukhazikitsa Deta Yoyambira
Asanazindikire kuchuluka kwa kuyeretsa, malo ayenera kukhazikitsa zidziwitso zoyambira pa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka. Izi zimafuna miyeso yomwe imatengedwa pafupipafupi pakapita nthawi yomwe imaphatikizanso magwiridwe antchito.
Njira yosavuta ndiyo kuyeza kuchulukana m'malo atatu kapena anayi m'nkhokwe iliyonse kamodzi pamwezi kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Lembani tsiku, wogwiritsa ntchito amene anayeza, malo, ndi makulidwe ake. Lembaninso zofunikira zogwirira ntchito monga mtundu wazinthu, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, kuchuluka kwa kupanga, ndi nthawi yosungira.
Pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, deta idzawonetsa chitsanzo. Ma silo ena amatha kuwonetsa pang'ono kapena osawunjika. Ena angasonyeze kukhazikika kokhazikika. Kuchuluka kwa kuchulukana, kuyeza mu millimeters pamwezi kapena centimita pamwezi, kumakhala maziko owerengera pafupipafupi kuyeretsa.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati nkhokwe ikuwonetsa kuchulukirachulukira kwa 2 centimita pamwezi, ndipo gawo lofunikira la zovuta zoyenda ndi masentimita makumi atatu, ndiye kuti nkhokwe idzafika pachimake pafupifupi miyezi khumi ndi isanu. Nthawi yoyeretsa ya miyezi khumi ndi iwiri imapereka malire achitetezo.
Deta yoyambira ikuwonetsanso machitidwe a nyengo. Ngati mitengo imachuluka m'chilimwe komanso yocheperako m'nyengo yozizira, kuyeretsa kungathe kukonzedwa kuti kupewe nthawi zovuta kwambiri kapena kungasinthidwe malinga ndi nyengo.
Mutu Wachisanu: Kukhazikitsa Malo Oyeretsera
Njira yoyeretsera ndi kuchuluka kwa kudzikundikira komwe kumayambitsa kulowererapo. Kukhazikitsa malire awa kumafuna kulinganiza zoopsa ziwiri. Kuyeretsa msanga kumawononga ndalama. Kuyeretsa mochedwa kumabweretsa kulephera kuyenda.
Chigawocho chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa mgwirizano pakati pa makulidwe a kudzikundikira ndi ntchito yoyenda. M'ma silos ena, ngakhale kudzikundikira pang'ono sikukhudza kutulutsa chifukwa zinthuzo zimayenda kudzera panjira yapakati. M'ma silos ena, kudzikundikira pang'ono pafupi ndi malo ogulitsira kungayambitse mavuto nthawi yomweyo.
Njira yothandiza kwambiri yokhazikitsira pakhomo ndiyo kuyang'ana. Tsatani miyeso yakuchulukira pamodzi ndi kutulutsa kotulutsa. Zindikirani kuti kuchuluka kwa zotulutsa kumayamba kuchepa pamlingo wotani. Zindikirani kuti kutuluka kwa mulingo kumayima pati. Pakhomo liyenera kukhazikitsidwa bwino isanafike pomwe kutuluka kwayima.
Kwa ma silo ambiri, malirewo amakhala pakati pa 50 mpaka 70 peresenti ya kuchulukana komwe kungayambitse kuyimitsidwa. Mtundu uwu umapereka malire achitetezo pomwe mukupewa kuyeretsa pafupipafupi.
Khomo silinakhazikike. Pamene mikhalidwe ya silo ikusintha, malire angafunikire kusintha. Silo yokhala ndi liner yomwe yangoikidwa kumene imatha kupirira kuchulukirachulukira kusanachitike zovuta zoyenda. Silo yokhala ndi zotulutsa zochulukira imatha kukhala yovuta kwambiri pakuwunjika.
Mutu Wachisanu ndi chimodzi: Kusintha Mafupipafupi Kutengera Zosintha Zogwirira Ntchito
Zinthu zogwirira ntchito zimasintha. Akasintha, pafupipafupi kuyeretsa kuyenera kusinthanso. Deta yomwe yasonkhanitsidwa pakukhazikitsidwa koyambira imapereka malo opangira zosinthazi.
Kusintha kwa gwero lazinthu ndizomwe zimayambitsa kusintha pafupipafupi. Migodi yosiyanasiyana, ogulitsa osiyanasiyana, kapena magulu osiyanasiyana opanga amatha kukhala ndi chinyezi chosiyana, kagawidwe kake, kapena kapangidwe kake. Pambuyo posintha zinthu, onjezani kuchuluka kwa kuyeza kwakanthawi kuti muwone ngati kuchuluka kwachulukidwe kwasintha.
Kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa kupanga kumakhudzanso kudzikundikira. Kuchulukirachulukira kumatanthauza kuti zinthu zambiri zimadutsa m'nkhokwe, zomwe zimatha kuwonjezera kuchulukana chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza makoma kapena kuchepetsa kuchulukana chifukwa nkhokwe imatembenuzika mwachangu. Zotsatira zenizeni zimadalira makina enieni.
Kusintha kwa nyengo, makamaka kusintha kwa nyengo, kungasokoneze chinyezi. Maofesi ambiri amachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa kuyeza m'nyengo yamvula ndikuchepetsa munyengo yachilimwe ikangokhazikitsidwa.
Kusintha kwa zida komwe kumakhudzanso nkhokwe yomwe ilinso yofunika. Zingwe zatsopano, zokonzedwanso pakhoma, kapena makina otayira osinthidwa amasintha momwe amawunjikira. Mukasintha silo, khazikitsaninso zoyambira musanabwerere ku dongosolo loyezera.
Mutu Wachisanu ndi chiwiri: Economics of Frequency Decisions
Zosankha zoyeretsa pafupipafupi zimakhala ndi zotsatira zachuma mwachindunji. Kuyeretsa nthawi zambiri kumawononga zinthu. Kuyeretsa nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa kupanga komanso kuwononga ndalama mwadzidzidzi.
Kusanthula kwachuma kumayerekeza mtengo woyeretsa wodzitetezera ku mtengo woyeretsa mwadzidzidzi ndi kutayika kwa kupanga. Kuyeretsa kodzitchinjiriza kumatha kukonzedwa panthawi yomwe idakonzedweratu, kupewa kutayika kwa kupanga. Kuyeretsa kwadzidzidzi kumachitika pamene kutuluka kwayima kale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchitoyo iwonongeke ndipo nthawi zambiri imafuna nthawi yowonjezera kapena ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
Masamu ndi olunjika. Ngati kuyeretsa kodzitetezera kumawononga madola 5,000 ndipo kumalepheretsa chochitika chimodzi chadzidzidzi pachaka chomwe chimawononga madola zikwi makumi asanu, kuyeretsa kodzitetezera kuli kopindulitsa ngakhale ngati kumachitidwa pafupipafupi kuposa momwe kungafunikire. Ngati kuyeretsa kodzitetezera kumawononga madola 5,000 ndipo sikungapewe ngozi chifukwa nkhokweyo sakadalephera, kuyeretsako kumawonongeka.
Vuto ndiloti phindu la kuyeretsa kodzitetezera ndikuletsa chinthu chomwe mwina sichinachitike kapena sichinachitike. Kusatsimikizika uku kungapangitse kuti kuyeretsa kukhale kotetezeka kapena kuyeretsedwa kuti musunge ndalama.
Yankho lake ndikugwiritsa ntchito deta yodziunjikira kuti muyese bwino kwambiri. Ngati deta ikuwonetsa kuti kudzikundikira kwafika pachimake pambuyo pa miyezi khumi ndi iwiri, kuyeretsa kodziletsa pa miyezi khumi ndikwanzeru. Ngati deta ikuwonetsa kuti kudzikundikira sikunafike poyambira ngakhale patatha miyezi makumi awiri ndi inayi, kuyeretsa kodziletsa pa miyezi khumi ndi iwiri mwina sikofunikira.
Mutu Wachisanu ndi chitatu: Kukhazikitsa Pulogalamu Yoyezera
Pulogalamu yoyezera bwino imafunikira zinthu zitatu: njira yodziwika, udindo wopatsidwa, ndi zotsatira zolembedwa.
Ndondomekoyi iyenera kutchula nkhokwe zomwe zimayezedwa, malo omwe ali mkati mwa silo iliyonse, njira yoyezera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, kangati miyeso imatengedwa, ndi zochita zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi zotsatira zosiyana siyana. Ndondomekoyi iyenera kulembedwa ndikupezeka kwa onse ogwira ntchito.
Udindo uyenera kuperekedwa kwa munthu kapena gulu linalake. M'malo ang'onoang'ono, katswiri wokonza m'modzi amatha kuyang'anira miyeso yonse. M'magawo akuluakulu, kuyeza kumatha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo kapena madera. Aliyense amene amayezera amafunika kuphunzitsidwa za njira yake komanso kujambula kosasintha kwa zotsatira.
Zotsatira ziyenera kulembedwa m'njira yosavuta, monga spreadsheet yokhala ndi mizati ya deti, chizindikiritso cha silo, malo, muyeso, ndi zolemba zamagwiritsidwe ntchito. Zotsatira zolembedwa zimapereka maziko a kusanthula kwamayendedwe ndi zisankho pafupipafupi.
Pulogalamu yoyezera sikuyenera kukhala yovuta. Ndodo yomveka yomveka, tepi muyeso, ndi spreadsheet ndizokwanira kukhazikitsa pulogalamu yothandiza pamtengo wochepa. Phindu liri mu kusasinthasintha kwa deta, osati mwaukadaulo wa zida.
Mutu Wachisanu ndi chinayi: Zolakwa Zodziwika ndi Momwe Mungapewere
Zolakwitsa zingapo nthawi zambiri zimalepheretsa mapulogalamu oyezera. Kuzindikira zolakwika izi kumathandiza kuti malowa asawapewe.
Cholakwika choyamba ndikuyesa pamalo omwewo nthawi zonse. Kuwunjikana nthawi zambiri kumasiyana malinga ndi malo mkati mwa silo. Kuyeza kokha pamalo ofikirika kwambiri kungaphonye zomangira kwina. Yankho lake ndikuyesa malo angapo ndikutsata aliyense payekhapayekha.
Cholakwika chachiwiri ndi njira yofananira yoyezera. Wogwiritsa ntchito m'modzi amayesa centimita yapafupi. Wina akuyerekeza. Woyendetsa m'modzi amayezera pamalo omwewo a silo circumference. Wina amayezera kuchokera mbali ina. Yankho lake ndilolemba ndondomeko ndi maphunziro.
Cholakwika chachitatu ndikulephera kulemba zochitika zogwirira ntchito. Deta yoyezera popanda nkhani ndizovuta kutanthauzira. Kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa kudzikundikira kungakhale chifukwa cha kusintha kwa zinthu, kusintha kwa nyengo, kapena kulakwitsa kwa miyeso. Kujambula kumathandiza kusiyanitsa zochitika zenizeni ndi phokoso.
Cholakwika chachinayi ndikuyesa pulogalamu yoyezera ngati mwasankha. Mitengo ikakhala yotanganidwa, miyeso imadumphidwa. Chomeracho chikachedwa, miyeso imatengedwa. Dongosolo losagwirizanali limapangitsa kusanthula kwamayendedwe kukhala kosadalirika. Yankho lake ndikuyesa miyeso ngati ntchito yofunikira ndi nthawi yoikika.
Kulakwitsa kwachisanu ndikulephera kuchitapo kanthu pa data. Miyezo imatengedwa, kujambulidwa, ndikusungidwa. Palibe amene amawunikira. Palibe zisankho zozikidwa pa izo. Yankho lake ndikuwunika momwe zinthu ziliri nthawi zonse, monga pamsonkhano wapamwezi wokonza, ndikugwiritsa ntchito detayo kupanga zisankho zomveka bwino za kuyeretsa pafupipafupi.
Mutu 10: Nthawi Yoyeretsa, Nthawi Yokhala Patokha
Chotsatira chachikulu cha pulogalamu yoyezera ndikudalira zisankho zoyeretsa. Ndi deta yodalirika, woyang'anira zomera akhoza kuyankha funso ngati silo ikufunika kuyeretsedwa ndi chidaliro.
Choyera pamene miyeso ya kudzikundikira ikuwonetsa kuti silo ikuyandikira poyambira pomwe mavuto otaya amayembekezeredwa. Yesani pamene mzere wamayendedwe ukuwonetsa kuti kudzikundikira kukuchulukirachulukira, ngakhale milingo yapano ili pansi pa malire. Kuyeretsa pambuyo pa kusintha kwa zinthu komwe kumadziwika kuti kumawonjezera kudzikundikira, ngakhale miyeso sinatsimikizirebe kuwonjezeka.
Siyani nkhokwe yokha pamene miyeso yowunjika ili yokhazikika komanso pansi pa malire. Siyani silo yokha pamene deta yapitayi ikuwonetsa kuti kusintha kwa nyengo ndi kwakanthawi. Siyani nkhokwe yokha pamene kuyeretsa kungafunike kuzimitsa komwe kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kuposa momwe kuyeretsa kungapewere.
Chigamulocho nthawi zonse chimakhala chigamulo, koma ndi chiweruzo chodziwitsidwa ndi deta osati mongoganizira chabe. Pakapita nthawi, zidziwitsozo zimangowonjezera chidziwitso. Miyezo yochuluka yomwe malo amasonkhanitsa, ndiye kuti zisankho zake zimakhala zabwino.
Mapeto
Kuyeretsa pafupipafupi si funso lomwe lili ndi yankho limodzi lolondola. Zimatengera zinthu zakuthupi, kapangidwe ka silo, momwe amagwirira ntchito, komanso kulolerana kwa malo pachiwopsezo. Kuchulukitsa koyenera kwa malo amodzi ndikolakwika kwa ina.
Ndondomeko yomwe yaperekedwa m'nkhaniyi ikupereka njira yopangira zisankho zabwino. Yezerani kuchulukana pafupipafupi. Khazikitsani deta yoyambira pa silo iliyonse. Khazikitsani malire omwe amalinganiza mtengo woyeretsa motsutsana ndi chiwopsezo cholephera. Sinthani pafupipafupi momwe zinthu zisinthira. Unikaninso pulogalamuyo pafupipafupi ndikuikonza potengera zomwe mwakumana nazo.
Ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito chimangochi ndizochepa. Ndodo yolira, tepi muyeso, ndi spreadsheet ndi zida zonse zofunika. Ndalama ya nthawi ndi mphindi zochepa pa silo pamwezi.
Phindu lake ndi lalikulu. Kuyeretsa pakafunika kutero, osati pa ndandanda yokhazikika, kumachepetsa mtengo woyeretsa wosafunikira. Kuyeretsa kusanafike pamlingo wovuta kumalepheretsa kulephera kwadzidzidzi. Kuphatikizika kwa mtengo wotsikirapo ndi kudalirika kwakukulu ndiko kulipira kwa njira yoyezera.
Kwa malo omwe sanatsatire kuchulukira mwadongosolo, chaka choyamba cha miyeso chidzawululidwa. Deta iwonetsa ma silo omwe amafunikira kuyeretsedwa pafupipafupi komanso omwe angasiyidwe nthawi yayitali. Iwonetsa ngati ndondomeko yoyeretsera yomwe ilipo pano imakhala pafupipafupi, yocheperako, kapena zonse za ma silo osiyanasiyana. Ndipo idzapereka maziko a pulogalamu yoyeretsera yomveka bwino, yotetezedwa.
